Biorelevant Dissolution Models for a Weak Base To Facilitate Formulation Development and Overcome Reduced Bioavailability Caused by Hypochlordyria or Achlorhydria.

Authors: Kou D, Dwaraknath S, Fischer Y, Nguyen D, Kim MG, Yiu H, Patel P, Ng T, Mao C, Durk M, Chinn L, Winter H, Wigman L, Yehl P
Publication: Mol Pharm
Keywords: absorption, ddI, gastric pH emptying, IVIVC, PBPK
Software: GastroPlus®

Abstract

In this study, two dissolution models were developed to achieve in vitro–in vivo relationship for immediate release formulations of Compound-A, a poorly soluble weak base with pH-dependent solubility and low bioavailability in hypochlorhydric and achlorhydric patients. The dissolution models were designed to approximate the hypo-/achlorhydric and normal fasted stomach conditions after a glass of water was ingested with the drug. The dissolution data from the two models were predictive of the relative in vivo bioavailability of various formulations under the same gastric condition, hypo-/achlorhydric or normal. Furthermore, the dissolution data were able to estimate the relative performance under hypo-/achlorhydric and normal fasted conditions for the same formulation. Together, these biorelevant dissolution models facilitated formulation development for Compound-A by identifying the right type and amount of key excipient to enhance bioavailability and mitigate the negative effect of hypo-/achlorhydria due to drug–drug interaction with acid-reducing agents. The dissolution models use readily available USP apparatus 2, and their broader utility can be evaluated on other BCS 2B compounds with reduced bioavailability caused by hypo-/achlorhydria.